Annotated Bibliography

Academic Peer Reviewed Journals:
"Gendered Expectations? Reconsidering Single Father's’ Child-Care Time."
The general point of this source is to point out the sociological aspect of the father's role in the child's life. The author analyzes the question whether or not single father's can "mother." This source connects to the cultural artifact "Finding Nemo". I am going to analyze the movie in the near future. It is relate able to the movie because Nemo's father had to play both the role of the father, and the mother in his life. This article includes data representation from studies that involved samples single fathers in America. "There is consensus that single fathers are more involved with their children than are married fathers (Cooksey & Fondell, 1996; Hawkins et al., 2006)." This quote is relevant to my artifact because Nemo's father had to be incredibly involved in his life. I will be able to compare the role of his father to these studies to further analyze the movie.

Hook, Jennifer L. and Satvika Chalasani. "Gendered Expectations? Reconsidering Single Fathers’ Child-Care Time." Journal of Marriage & Family, vol. 70, no. 4, Nov. 2008, pp. 978-990. EBSCOhost, doi:10.1111/j.1741-3737.2008.00540.x.

"Single Fatherhood."
The main idea of this academic journal is to gain further insight on single fathers. It is based of a study of a group of single fathers and conducted to gain objective and subjective facts about their life. "Consequently, social workers and others who are concerned about the quality of family life have little information about the experiences of such fathers and their children."(Mendes). This quote is important because the single father is a phenomenon and not much information is giving on it. I would like to further analyze the question, why is no one talking about this? I think the question is relevant to my topic because Finding Nemo had been released only in 2003. I believe this movie sent a good message about the singe father and aided relief to those who may question otherwise.

Mendes, Helen A. "Single Fatherhood." Social Work, vol. 21, no. 4, July 1976, p. 308. EBSCOhost, search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=5273297&site=ehost-live.

Credible Sources:
"Single Father Homes On The Rise."
This source's general purpose is to point out the fact that the single father phenomenon is growing. I've picked this source because it is an recent article. Also, it gives facts about the single father regarding information from the U.S. census. There are good quotes in the article as well. For example, Darryl Pure, a psychologist from Chicago says that "Single fathers need help just as much as single fathers." He also states that the single father just has a harder time asking. He is a reliable person to obtain this information from because he also has sole custody of three children. "This is relate able to Nemo because his father was such a big influence on his life, and some times felt like it would be easier with trusting help to watch Nemo. From this source I will be able to discuss the relationship between the single father phenomenon and Nemo. Also, I will be able to point out how the phenomenon is just know being more researched and acknowledge.

Armas, Genaro C. "Single-Father Homes on the Rise." ABC News. ABC News Network, 18 May 2017. Web. 19 Apr. 2017. 

"The Changing Role Of The Modern Day Father."

The main idea of this source is to provide facts about why exactly single father's are becoming more popular and normal in today's society.The APA has conducted studies upon single fathers of all ethnic backgrounds and concluded how the affection and involvement can promote the child's social and emotional development."Fatherly love helps children develop a sense of their place in the world, which helps their social, emotional and cognitive development and functioning." ("The Changing Role of the Modern Day Father.") This information connects with my artifact because Nemo and his father had a strong relationship, yet he still disobeyed him. I can further analyze what the over protectiveness may have done to Nemo to make him lash out. It will also allow me to discuss positive qualities of the single father today from a psychological standpoint. 

"The Changing Role of the Modern Day Father." American Psychological Association. American Psychological Association, n.d. Web. 19 Apr. 2017.

 

Source Review 1

    In this blog post I will preform a source review of a scholarly article. The article has been written by John P. Pinocchio and is titled "Profile of the Single Father: A Thematic Integration of the Literature.") I have selected this article in particular because it is from 1983 and exposes early findings and the beginning of research conducted on the single father. It includes thematic analysis and literature to profile the single father. The article is based on findings from research and psychological and sociological aspects are included as well. I think this article is important because the first evidence and analysis of this profile is important and acts as a building block for further research. In today's time, we are aware that the single father phenomenon is growing and becoming more normalized. In the future, I will be comparing this research with my analysis of the movie titled "Finding Nemo". Therefor, I will be focusing more on the single father who is not dealing with a divorce and is just simply taking on the role alone.
    The overall purpose of this article is to provide a profile of the single father. All of the findings in the article would be considered new for the time is was published. During this decade, the beginning of research has been conducted for a better understanding of single fathers. It was a growing phenomenon then, but now the single father house holds are even more prominent. This research article is important because it gives further understanding of the single father. The article includes the psychological makeup, personal problems, interpersonal difficulties, and  life-style to the furthest extent of the research findings.
    The research methodology in this article includes the interview technique and data collection of a small sample size of single fathers. A 1976 study completed  by Atkin and Rubin shows that the single father with a child goes through a period of stress resulting from the role adjustment, similar to the father's who do not have custody. After this, a study from 1978 that included 128 single fathers shows that the father feels inadequate when attempting to be single parent. However, the age of the child as well as intimacy of family members are important influences in the father's successful to parent. Also, many studies indicate that single fathers who raise their children alone have a great personal satisfaction and growth. In the same year, a research study conclude by Bartz and Witcher with 34 single fathers concludes that the father's gain and experience more openness and support from people in the same situation as them. But, the single father's adjustment is a stressful position to be in since society has no real expectations or rules how the parent alone. The lack of resources create stress for the father. Therefor, the stressful impact of responsibility is solely in the father's power to preform their duties. A study from 1978 from Kesget and Rosenthal suggest qualities of the father's personal feelings and development. They have found that the father's relationship with his child has a significant impact on the way he self-defines. Also, how the loss of the relationship would severely impact his integrity. The article is filled with many more studies, but they mainly focused on divorced father's. The article also includes a section about how the father can proper receive counseling if need be. That section is not in my interest because it has no correlation with my proposing research analysis.
     All of the information presented in this article is helpful towards my research. This article is considered a basis for all further research conducted on single fathers. It is a good building block and reference for me to use in my essay. The research finding's in this article is important and valid. The article is based on many research findings from the mid 70's-80's. This is when the phenomenon started to grow the most. Today, it is much more accepted. However, I believe the feelings and emotional process the father undertakes is still very similar. I agree with all the conclusions of the research because from self-experience I can visibly see the qualities of the single father. I also agree that the divorced father and single father go through different feelings and processes. The article contributes to advances in my knowledge on this topic because I had not been aware of all of these findings and their conclusions prior to this article. Also, I can relate these specific research findings to my future essay on "Finding Nemo.)

Pichitino, John P. “Profile of the Single Father: A Thematic Integration of the Literature.” Jan. 1983, pp. 295–299.

Research Proposal

    My topic for my research includes further analysis of the movie "Finding Nemo." I have picked this topic as a cultural artifact because it is well known and extremely popular. I have seen this movie as a young child, and recently the sequel "Finding Dory" has been released. This movie may hold more importance to other people, but it was a huge hit when it came out in 2003. Finding Nemo is the 4th most successful pixar movie, but Finding Dory came in first place. This movie is popular because of the emotional appeal is leaves on the audience.
     Some possible ways to analysis this artifact is through the message it teaches and the qualities involved with the characters. For example,  in the beggining of Finding Nemo, there was a mass murder. The larger fish swoop into their home and ate Nemo's mother, and all of his siblings. Now, his father is an overprotective single man left to raise his son alone. Because of the incident, Nemo's had been deformed. His one fin is shorter than the other and this is another reason why his father is overprotective of him. This also makes Nemo ostracized and difficult for him to fit in with the other kids. Other than this, the movie shows the danger of strangers and young children being alone. Nemo gets kidnapped and this sends his father on a crazy chase for him. During this chase he runs into another fish who has a mental disability. Her name is Dory and she has short-term memory loss. Together, they swim through dangerous waters and even run into the mafioso. While this is happening, Nemo is locked up in the fish tank. Aside from not being a criminal, the fish tank represents a jail. All the fish in the tank with Nemo have become crazy from being trapped in it. While inside the jail, they are aware death is coming. The death that they are afraid of is a human girl named Darla. In regards to all of this information, I have chose to pick out three things and anaylisis them into further detail. I will be choosing the single father household, the deformity of the child, and the kidnapping that occurs.

     I believe this artifact shows young children the dangers of the world, and the importance of having someone who loves/cares about you. It teaches many lessons to children, as well as adults. So far, I have found some research regarding this.  According to the the 2000 census, in 2.2 million households, fathers raise their children without a mother. That's about one household in 45.(Armas). Along with this information about single fathers, I have also researched the effects of overprotective parents on a child. This goes hand in hand with stranger danger and the kidnapping of Nemo because of the message that overprotective plays in the child's mind. Being overprotective makes the child think that the world as a whole is not a safe place. This may lead to further problems within the child.  I have more research to do in order to further analysis the artifact.

ARMAS, GENARO C. "Single-Father Homes on the Rise." ABC News. ABC News Network, n.d. Web. 10 Apr. 2017. 

 

 

"Pixar." Box Office Mojo. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Apr. 2017. 

 

 

"Overprotective Parents Effects on Children." Overprotective Parents Effects on Children | 2KnowMySelf. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Apr. 2017.

 

 

Bagner, D. M. (2013). Father’s role in parent training for children with developmental delay. Journal of Family Psychology, 27(4), 650-657. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0033465 

 Brussoni, M. and L. L. Olsen. "The Perils of Overprotective Parenting: Fathers' Perspectives Explored." Child: Care, Health & Development, vol. 39, no. 2, Mar. 2013, pp. 237-245. EBSCOhost, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2214.2011.01361.x.

The Great Pacific Garbage Patch

    Through out my blog post I have talked about topics that include natural disasters, and climate change. Today, I am going to discuss a different, but also very important matter. A couple weeks ago I heard about something that nearly broke my heart. So, we all know that human waste and garbage ends up in the ocean. You may have seen pictures of the negative effects on marine life. But have you ever wondered where all that trash really ends up? When I was younger, I always thought that sharks ate anything and everything that was in the ocean. Even though this statement may have some truth, the garbage actually ends up in vortex's through out our oceans. They are referred to as "garbage patches". There is three main patches. One is called the Western Garbage Patch and it is located near Japan. Another is called the  Eastern Garbage Patch located between Hawaii and California. But, the one I will discuss today is the Great Pacific Garbage Patch.

    The Great Pacific Garbage patch was first discovered by oceanographer Charles Moore. He found the patch in 1997 while sailing the ocean. It is located from the West Coast of the U.S., all the way to Japan. The patch is so large because it is composed of both the Eastern, and Western patches. Their all related by the North Pacific Convergent Zone. This means warm water from the south meets with cool water from the Arctic and creates a path for the debris to travel. The spinning vortex of debris consist of 80% plastic. This is because this specific material is not biodegradable like the other pieces of trash that end up in the ocean. Over time, the plastics break down into tiny pieces called "micro plastics." Overall, the micro plastics create a murky texture to the water and integrate with larger items as well. Moore describes the patch as "minestrone, and all the little vegetables are different colored bits of plastic." ("Great Pacific Garbage Patch"). However, the top of the water isn't the only part that contains trash. Sadly, below the water contains just as much, if not more, trash. According to Oceanographers and ecologists,70% of marine debris actually sinks to the bottom of the ocean. ("Great Pacific Garbage Patch"). But, not even these experts can say how much trash actually lies within the Garbage Patch.

   So, what do we do to stop this? Truth is, the power of recycling and minimizing plastic packaging can make a difference. Also, you may want to volunteer in local beach cleanups. But at the minimal, please properly dispose of your waste and keep others aware of the garbage patch! For more information please click on the hyper links!

Society, National Geographic. "Great Pacific Garbage Patch." National Geographic Society. N.p., 09 Oct. 2012. Web. 05 Apr. 2017.

Blomberg, Lindsey. "The Great Pacific Garbage Patch." Http://web.a.ebscohost.com. N.p., May-June 2011. Web. 4 Apr. 2017. 

 

 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pacific-garbage-patch-map_2010_noaamdp.jpg

https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastikm%C3%BCll_in_den_Ozeanen

Rhetorical Analysis

On March 28th, 2017, Scott L. Montgomery, a writer for "Fortune" released an article titled, " Trump's Executive Order on Climate Change Is All About Power." The audience that this article is presented for might consist of American citizens, environmentalist, economist, politicians, and democrats. It's purpose is to persuade the people to realize that the P.O.T.U.S, Donald Trump, does not care about our earth's climate. In regards to this, his main concern only is his newly granted power among the U.S government and citizens. In this article, the writer includes specific rhetoric to convince the audience. This includes the use of ethos, pathos, and logos.

All through out the article, the writer includes ethos, pathos, and logos. For example, he builds up credibility for ethos by using the "name dropping" technique. He includes some important people that relate to the government, as well as climate-change agencies. Because the article is about Donald Trump, he also refers to back to Barack Obama and his Clean Power Plan (CPP). As well as former U.S presidents after Richard Nixon and their ignorance towards "energy-independence." After dropping these well known names, he includes information from the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

Aside from the writer's build up of ethos, he also includes a good amount of pathos. In reference to former president, Barack Obama, the writer states "He swam in shark-infested political waters for eight years, yet he helped empower the renewable energy sector and move forward a sensibility among people, businesses, and corporations that climate change is real, serious, and already having deadly impacts."(Montgomery). By including this sentence, he portrays feelings to the audience in regards to the dangerous outcomes of climate change that Donald Trump, as well as other republicans, have blatantly ignored. He also includes a sentence that words, "The CCP was developed within the embrace of the Clean Air Act—a hugely important law that has saved many lives since being signed in 1970—giving the EPA authority to regulate forms of airborne material deemed harmful to the public." ( Montgomery). From this sentence, we can see that he included pathos as well by referring to how many lives have been saved from the CAA. Also, the sentence includes logo's because he includes the years that the law has been in placed. Other than this, the writer includes more effective examples of logo's through out the article.

Towards the end of the article, Montgomery, includes logos to build up his opposing viewpoint to Trump's actions in office.  He includes important dates, (the one referred to in the above paragraph), numbers of co2 admissions, number of states involved, and the supreme court rulings.  For example, the writer states in regards to the CAA that, "Simply put, the plan consists of new standards for lowering carbon emissions from power plants, which produce close to 40% of all carbon dioxide emissions in the U.S. The overall goal was to reduce emissions 32% below 2005 levels by the year 2030." (Montgomery). He uses this information to build his credibility and show the audience the influence of the CAA, as well as the positive effects of it.

Through out the article, Montgomery seems to use the three qualities of the rhetorical appeal almost equally. The effect of this is positive because he uses all of them well enough to build his credibility and persuade the audience. Overall, I would say his choice of ethos, pathos, and logos, were effective on his audience. His tone/mood of the article also had an effect. Because the writer's tone was alarming, concerning, and agitated, he was able create a stronger appeal to the reader. Through his tone/mood, he can present the audience with the true feelings regarding his topic/point. Overall, the writer was able to reach his purpose to convince the audience that Donald Trump does not care about our environment as much as he cares about his power above it.
http://fortune.com/2017/03/28/donald-trump-clean-power-plan-climate-change-executive-order-epa-environment/

Montgomery, Scott L. "Trump’s Executive Order on Climate Change Is All About Power." Fortune. N.p., 28 Mar. 2017. Web. 2 Apr. 2017. 

 

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Trump_Circle.png 

 

 https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hk/File:Air_pollution_by_industrial_chimneys.jpg